- Dorsal Hollow tubular Nerve Cord
- Notochord
- Pharyngeal pouches and slits
- Endostyle and thyroid gland
- Post-anal tail
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Urochordata Tunicata
Subphylum Cephalochordata Amphioxus
Subphylum Vertebrata
Superclass Agnatha
Class Myxini Hagfish
Class Cephalospidomorphi Lamprey
Hagfish vs. Lamprey Source: http://www.proprofs.com/flashcards/story.php?title=Lab-III-introduction-to-vertebrates-1 |
Superclass Gnathostomata
Class Chondrichthyes cartilaginous skeleton fish
Subclass Elasmobranchii shark
Subclass Holocephali chimaeras and ratfish
Class Actinopterygii ray-fin fishes, ossified skeleton
Subclass Chondrostei ganoid scales
Subclass Neopterygii cycloid or ctenoid scales
Class Sarcopterygii Lobe fin
Scales Types
Scales Types Source: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/157635/Scales-and-scale-configurations-of-representative-bony-and-cartilaginous-fishes |
Cosmoid scales (Rare scales) only found in Sarcopterygii
Placoid scales are only in Class Chondrichthyes
Caudal Fin types
Class Chondrichthyes has Heterocercal fin
Heterocercal Fin |
Class Actinopterygii has Homocercal fin
Homocercal Fin |
Diphycercal Fin |
Class Amphibia
Order Anura Frog, Toad
Order Urodela Salamanders
Order Gymnophiona Legless salamanders
Class Reptilia
Subclass Anapsida
Order Testudines Turtle
Subclass Diapsida
Superorder Ichthyosauria dophin-shaped diapsida
Superorder Sauropterygia Mesozoic marine reptiles
Order Plesiosauria
Superorder Archosauria
Order Pterosauria Wing-archosauria
Order Crocodilia
Order Ornithischia
Order Saurischia
Suborder Sauropodomorpha Diplodocus, Branchiosaurus, Supersaurus...
Suborder Theropoda Tyrannosaurus, Velociraptor...
Superorder Lepidosauria
Order Squamata
Suborder Lacertillia All Lizards
Suborder Amphisbaenia Worm Lizards
Suborder Serpentes All snakes
Order Sphenodonta tuatara
Subclass Synapsida
Order Therapsida
Class Aves
Subclass Archaeornithes Primitive "Bird"
Subclass Neornithes
Order Gaviiformes Loons
Order Podicipediformes Grebes
Order Pelecaniformes Pelicans
Order Ciconiiformes Egrets
Order Anseriformes Ducks, Geese, Swan
Order Falconiformes Falcons
Order Galliformes Chickens, Turkeys, Peacocks
Order Charadriiformes
Order Columbiformes Pigeons, Doves
Order Cuculiformes cuckoo
Order Strigiformes Owls
Order Apodiformes Hummingbirds
Order Piciformes Woodpeckers
Order Passeriformes Song Birds
Order Sphenisciformes Penguins
Order Struthioniformes Ratites
Order Psittaciformes Parrots
Terminology:
Precocious development: make their nests on the ground (chicken, ostriches, etc.)
Altricial development: make their nests on the tree (song birds, owls, etc.)
Class Mammalia
Subclass Protheria
Order Monotremata (Possess a Cloaca): Platypus
Subclass Theria
Infraclass Metatheria/ Marsupial (Possess a Pouch)
Order Marsupialia: Kangaroo
Infraclass Eutheria
Order Cingulata: Armadillos
Order Pilosa: Anteaters and sloths
Order Sirenia: Sea cows and Manatees
Order Soricomorpha: Shrews and Moles
Order Proboscidea: Elephants
Order Tubulidentata: Aardvarks
Order Pholidota: Pangolins
Order Scandentia: Tree Shrews
Order Artiodactyla: Cattle, sheep, goats, hippopotamuses
Order Perissodactyla: Horse, Zebra
Order Cetacea: Whales and Dolphin
Order Chiroptera: Bats
Order Carnivora: Sea otters, sea lion, raccoon, harbor seal, walrus
Order Lagomorpha: Rabbits and Hares
Order Rodentia: mice, rats, squirrels
Order Primates: Chimps, humans, apes
Source: Professor Blake Barron's Lab Manual
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